Penguins Logic

In order to win an argument you need to control it. The most important tools to compare an argument are commonplaces, deductive logic, and inductive logic.

Commonplaces are things that are widely believed or accepted. For example, a commonplace that my mom used to tell me when I was young, "You can't swim right after eating because you will get sick." Commonplace words are words that affect the audiences emotions. Depending on the connotation of the words, whether its negative like "chatty" or "pushy", or positive like "friendly" or "expressive".

Deductive logic starts with a premise or a commonplace, then it goes into specifics, and then theres a conclusion. An example of this would be: "Vegetarians don't eat meat. Veronica is a vegetarian. Therefore, Veronica doesn't eat meat." This is deductive logic because it begins with a fact, 'vegetarians don't eat meat', something that is widely known and accepted. Then it goes into a specific fact that can be debated, and not everyone might believe, and it closes with a conclusion that connects the two.

On the other hand, inductive logic takes specific cases and uses them to prove a premise or a conclusion. An example of inductive logic would be: "Miranda is an Ice skater. Ice skaters are thin and tall. Therefore, Miranda is thin and tall." This is inductive reasoning because it begins with a specific case, 'Miranda is and Ice skater'. Then it goes into the general belief that all ice skaters are thin and tall, and finishes with the conclusion that 'Miranda is thin and tall'.

Premise: something that the audience knows or believes.